英语听力:中国特色词汇汉译英

中国特色词汇汉译英

A.

AA制 Dutch treatment; go Dutch

《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q

艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)

爱丽舍宫 Elysée Palace

安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families

按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost

按揭贷款 mortgage loan

按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance

暗恋 unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly

暗亏 hidden loss

澳门大三巴牌坊 Ruins of St. Paul

奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult

B.

B to B (B2B) business to business

B to C (B2C) business to consumer

巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse

把握大局 grasp the overall situation

白马王子 Prince Charming

白色行情表 white sheet

白色农业 white agriculture (also called "white engineering agriculture"; It refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)

白手起家 starting from scratch

白雪公主 Snow White

摆架子 put on airs

摆谱儿 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances

拜年 pay New Year call

搬迁户 relocated families

半拉子工程 uncompleted project

棒球运动记者 scribe

傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean on a moneybags

包干到户 work contracted to households

包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash

包工包料 contract for labor and materials

保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy

保持国有股 keep the State-held shares

保健食品 health-care food

保理业务 factoring business

保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area

保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas

保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings

报国计划的实施 implementation of Dedicator's Project

北欧投资银行 Nordic Investment Bank

本本主义 bookishness

《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica

本垒打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip

本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches

奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life

苯鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.

蹦击 bungee, bungee jumping

逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives

比较经济学 comparative economics

比上不足，比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst

闭门羹 given cold-shoulder

边际报酬 marginal return

边缘科学 boundary science

变相涨价 disguised inflation

便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer

标书 bidding documents

表演赛 demonstration match

剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody

博彩（业）lottery industry

博士生 Ph.D candidate

补缺选举 by-election

布达拉宫 Potala Palace

布雷顿森林体系 Bretton Woods system

不败记录 clean record, spotless record

不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force

不打不成交 No discord, no concord.

不分上下的总统选举结果the neck-and-neck presidential election result

《不见不散》 Be there or be square.

不可再生资源 non-renewable resources

不良贷款 non-performing loan

不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city

不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency

步行天桥 foot bridge

C.

擦边球 edge ball, touch ball

擦网球 net ball

采取高姿态 show magnanimity

菜篮子工程 shopping basket program

参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs

沧海桑田 Seas change into mulberry fields and mulberry fields change into seas--time brings great changes to the world.

What was once the sea has now changed into mulberry fields--the world is changing all the time.

仓储式超市 stockroom-style supermarket

草根工业 grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like wold grass)

层层转包和违法分保 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting

差额投票 differentail voting

差额选举 competitive election

茶道 sado

查房 make/go the rounds of the wards

拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul

拆迁户 households or units relocated due to building demolition

搀水股票 water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value)

禅 dhyana

产粮大省 granary province

产品结构 product mix

产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management

产权制度、产权关系 property relations; property order

产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing

产业的升级换代 upgrading of industies

产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure

长二捆 LM-2E

长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe

长线产品 product in excessive supply

畅通工程 "Smooth Traffic Project"

唱高调 mouth high-sounding words

超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed computer

超前消费 overconsuming, excessive consumption

彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force

城市规划 city's landscaping plan; urban planning

城乡信用社 credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas

吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot"

吃皇粮 receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government

重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar projects

抽杀成功 hit through

筹备委员会 preparatory committee

出风头 show off;in the limelight

出口创汇能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports

出口加工区 export processing zones

出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax) rebate

出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports

出家 pravrajana; cloister

传销 multi-level marketing

窗口行业 various service trades

创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city

创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park

吹风会 (advanced) briefing

春蕾计划 Spring Buds Program

春运 (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival

《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals

磁悬浮列车 Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train

辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new

此地无银三百两 A guilty person gives himself away by consciously protesting his innocence.

从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy

存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits

D.

"达标"活动 "target hitting" activities

打白条 issue IOU

打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering

打假 crack down on counterfeit goods

打破僵局 break the deadlock

打顺手 find one's touch, get into gear, settle into a groove

大包干 all-round responsibility system

大轰动 blockbuster

大力扣杀 hammer

大路货 staple goods

大满贯 grand slam

大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener

大款 tycoon

大排挡 sidewalk snack booth; large stall

大事化小，小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all

大胜 white wash

大腕 top notch

大卫教 Branch Davidian

大型电视系列片,长篇电视连续剧 maxi-series

大学生创业 university students' innovative undertaking

大要案 major and serious criminal cases

大专生 junior college student

大专文凭 associate degree

大藏经 Tripitaka

带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits

待岗 await job assignment, post-waiting

待业 job-waiting

代职 function in an acting capacity

单循环制 single round-robin system

党群关系 Party-masses relationship

党政机关 Party and government organizations

捣浆糊 give the runaround

盗版VCD pirated VCD

盗用公款 embezzlement

单刀赴会 start a solo run

倒票 speculative reselling of tickets

倒爷 profiteer

倒计时 countdowm

等外品 off-grade goods, rejects

邓小平外交思想 Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts

低调 low keyed (a metaphor for taking a cautious and slow approach)

第二产业 secondary industry

第三产业 tertiary industry; service sector

第一发球权 first inning

第一发球员 first server

第一双打 first pair

地方保护主义 regional protectionism

地方财政包干制 system whereby local authorities take full responsibility for their finances

地区差异 regional disparity

地热资源 geothermal resources

地市级城市 prefecture-level city

点子公司 consultancy company

电话号码升位 upgrade telephone number

电话会议 teleconference

电视直销 TV home shopping

电子商务认证 e-business certification

吊球 drop shot

吊销执照 revoke license

钉子户 person or household who refuses to move and bargains for unreasonably high compensation when the land is requisitioned for a construction project

定向培训 training for specific posts

豆腐渣"工程 jerry-built project

毒枭 drug trafficker

独立核算工业企业 independent accounting unit(enterprise)

"渡假外交" holiday-making diplomacy

短期债务 floating debt

断交信 Dear John letter (from woman to man)

对...毫无顾忌 make no bones about ...

对冲基金 hedge fund

对外招商 attract foreign investment

队长袖标(足球） skipper's armband

多党合作制 multi-party co-operation in exercising State power

多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)

夺冠 take the crown

E.

恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation

恶性循环 vicious circle

二板市场(创业板市场） second board on the country's stock market

二次创业 start a new undertaking

二进宫 to enter the palace a second time (people with a past criminal record again commits a crime, and is convicted and put into a correctional institution)

二流选手 scrub, second-rater

二元经济 dual economy

F.

发案率 incidence (of criminal cases)

发烧友 fancier; zealot; enthusiastic fan

发展不平衡 disparate development

发展是硬道理 Development is of overriding importance. / Development is the absolute need.

法治国家 a country under the rule of law

法制国家 a state with an adequate legal system

翻两番 quadruple

反败为胜 br

ing about a complete turnabout, pull out of the fire

反不正当竞争法 Law of the People's Republic of China Against Competition by Inappropriate Means

反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government

防抱死系统 ABS (anti-lock braking system)

防洪工程 flood-prevention project

房管 real estate management

放高球 lob

放下架子 to relinguish haungty airs; to get off one's high horse; throw off one's airs

放行单 release permit

飞毛腿（导弹）Scud missile

飞行药检 spot check

非对称数字用户环路 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL)

费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes

分拆上市 A subsidiary company of a corporation is listed on the stock market.

分流 reposition of redundant personnel

分期付款 installment payment

分税制 system of tax distribution

（产品）分销 subunderwriting, distribution

粉领族 pink-collar tribe (Women who play major role in certain professions such as office workers, secretaries, models, airline hostesses, etc)

风险投资 venture capital; risk investment

疯牛病 mad cow disease; bovine spongiform enceohalopathy (BSE)

锋利扣杀 razor-sharp smash

封闭式基金 close-ended fund

封杀出局 force out

“封圣” canonization of "Saints"

福利彩票 welfare lotteries

福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system

浮动工资 floating wages; fluctuating wages

扶贫 poverty alleviation

覆盖率 coverage rate

复式住宅duplex apartment; compound apartment (a type of residential housing that maximizes usable space by increasing the number of the storey building)

G.

改制上市：An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.

感谢款待的信 a bread and butter letter (a letter sent as thanks for being treated well as someone's guest)

干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化 make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent

港人治港 Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong

高层次、全方位的对话 high-level and all-directional dialogue

高产优质 high yield and high quality

高度自治 high degree of autonomy

高官会 Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)

高级商务师 Certified Business Executive

高架公路 elevated highway; overhead road

高科技板块 high-tech sector

高难度动作 stunner, stunt

高清晰度 high definition

高新技术产业开发区 high and new technology industrial development zone

(公路）隔离带 median

根本政治制度 fundamental political system

个人收入应税申报制度 the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment

各大菜系 major styles of cooking

各尽所能let each person do his best; from each according to his ability

"各就位" "On your marks!"

跟踪审计 follow-up auditing

恭喜发财 May you be prosperous!; Wish you all the best!

功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits.

工程公司 engineering company

工商局 industrial and commercial bureau

工薪阶层 salariat; state employee; salaried person

工业控制一体化integrated industrial control; industrial control of integration

工业园区 industrial park

公费医疗 medical services at state expense

公告板服务 Bulletin Board Service (BBS)

公检法 public security organs, procuratorial organs and people's courts

公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds

公款吃喝 recreational activities using public funds

公司分立与解散 separation and dissolution of a company

公正、公平、公开 just, fair and open

公证财产 notarize the properties

共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商 multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of Communist Party

狗仔队dog packs; paparazzo (singular), paparazzi(plural) (It refers to those journalists who are hunting the news of celebrities.)

骨干企业 key enterprise

股本金equity capital

挂职

1) take a temporary post (in order to temper oneself)

2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining one's position in the previous unit

关税壁垒 customs barrier; tariff wall

光谷 optical valley

光机电一体化 optical, mechanical and electronic integration

光盘杂志 CD-ROM magazine

光通讯 photo-communication; optical communication

广告电话直销direct response advertising

广域网 wide area network (WAN)

皈依三宝 become a Buddhist

国产化率 import substitution rate; localization rate of parts and components

国防动员体制 the mobilization for national defense

国际惯例 international common practice

国际日期变更线 International Date Line (IDL)

《国际先驱论坛报》 International Herald Tribune

国家经济体制改革委员会 the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems

国家普通话水平考试 National Proficiency Test of Putonghua

国家一级保护 first-grade State protection

国家质量技术监督局 the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision

国脚 player of the national football team; footballer of the national team

国库券 treasury bonds

国民党 Kuomintang

国民经济支柱产业 pillar industries in national economy

国债专项资金 special fund for treasury bond

过度开垦 excess reclamation

H.

海湾战争综合症 the complexities of the Gulf War

函授大学 correspondence university

旱地滑雪场 mock skiing park

汉字处理软件 Chinese character processing software

航母 aircraft carrier

豪赌 unrestrained gambling

好事不出门，恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.

好出风头的运动员 exhibitionist, grandstander

好莱坞大片 Hollywood blockbuster

"好球" "Strike"

和服 Kimono

合理引导消费 guide rational consumption

合议庭 collegiate bench

核销 cancel after verification

黑店 gangster inn

黑客 hacker

黑社会 Mafia-style organizations; gangland

宏观调控 macro-control

红包 （中）red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback

《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)

红帽子企业 red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a private enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a government department and doing business in the name of a state-run or collective-run enterprise)

红细胞生成素 Erythropoietin (EPO)

环太平洋地区 Pacific Rim

后防空虚 leave the defense exposed

呼啦圈 hu la hoop

胡子工程 long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)

虎父无犬子 A wise goose never lays a tame egg.

互动广告 interactive advertisement

户口管理制度 domicile system, residence registration system

户主 head of a household

护身法宝 amulet

华表 ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele

华盖 canopy

滑板车 scooter

"坏球" "Ball"

还俗 resume secular life, unfrock

"黄、赌、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking

黄金时段 prime time

(吃)"皇粮" public grainfunds, goods, etc provided by the government; salary paid by the state

挥棒 swing

挥棒不中 fan

灰色收入 income from moonlighting

汇丰银行 Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation

婚介所 matrimonial agency

婚外恋 extramarital love

活到老，学到老 One is never too old to learn.

火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)

货币化 monetization

货币回笼 withdrawal of currency from circulation

货到付款 cash on delivery

J.

机场建设费 airport construction fee

机构臃肿 overstaffing in organizations (government)

基本路线要管一百年 The basic line must be followed unswervingly for a very long time to come.

基本国情 fundamental realities of the country

基层民主 democracy at the grassroots level

基层组织 organizations at the grass-roots level

基因工程 genetic engineering

积压产品 overstocked commodities (inventories)

绩优股 blue chip

激烈竞争 cut-throat competition

吉尼斯世界记录 Guinness (Book of Records)

吉祥物 mascot

缉毒队 narcotics squad

缉私力量 the forces engaged in the fight against smuggling

集体婚礼 collective wedding ceremony

集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development

计划单列市 city specifically designated in the state plan

计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning

计算机中央处理器 central processing unit(CPU)

记者席 press box

"既成事实" fait accompli (noun)

技术产权交易所 technology equity market; technology property right exchange

技术下乡 spread technological knowledge to farmers

嘉宾 distinguished guest, honored guest

加班 work extra shifts

加密 encrypt

加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion

家庭联产承包责任制 the household contract responsibility system

家族企业 family firm

假唱 lip-synch

假动作 deception, feint

甲骨文 inscriptions on oracle bones

假日经济 holiday economy

坚持统一，反对分裂，增加了解，化解歧见 persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase understanding and iron out differences

监督部门 watchdog

尖端产品 highly sophisticated products

剪彩 cut the ribbon

剪刀差 the scissors gap between the prices of ... and ...

减负 alleviate burdens on sb.

减速玻璃(汽车）decelerating glass

减员增效 downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency

江南水乡 the south of the lower reaches of the Yangze River

讲诚信，反欺诈： honor credibility and oppose cheating

脚踩两只船 sit on the fence

脚踏实地 be down-to-earth

侥幸球 fluke

教学法 pedagogy; teaching method

教育部社政司 Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education

接口 interface

街道企业 neighborhood enterprise

街心花园 park at an intersection; garden in the city center

节奏布鲁斯音乐（RMB音乐） rhythm blues

解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces

解放思想、实事求是的思想路线 ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts

解困基金 anti-poverty funds

结售汇制度 the system of exchange, settlement and sales

戒毒所 drug rehabilitation center

戒急用忍 overcome impetuosity and exercise patience

金本位 gold standard

金边债券 gilt-edged bonds

金刚经 Vajracchedika-sutra

金降落伞 golden parachute

金融电子化 computerize financial services

金税工程 Golden Tax Project

紧箍咒 inhibiting magic phrase

紧密型企业集团 tightly-knit groups of enterprises

紧追 cling to, shadow, thunder on one's trail

近海渔业 offshore fishery

近水楼台先得月 First come, first served; A water-front pavilion gets the moonlight first--the advantage of being in a favored position.

进出口商会 chamber of import and export trade

进口渗透 import penetration

禁渔期 closed fishing seasons

禁止在任何地方、任何环境进行一切方式的释放核能的核武器试验保爆炸 prohibit any nuclear weapon test explosion which releases nuclear energy at any place and in any environment

经常项目顺差favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account

经常性贷款 commercial lending

经常性支出 running expenses

经济林 cash tree

经济全球化 economic globalization; economic integration

经济失调指数 misery index

经济头脑 commercially minded people; people with business sense

经营管理高度科学化的现代化大企业 modern big enterprise with highly scientific management system

精简机构 streamline government organs

精品 competitive products

京剧票友 Peking Opera fan

京剧人物脸谱 types of facial make-up in Beijing opera

景泰蓝 cloisonné

敬业精神 professional dedication; professional ethics

劲射 power shot

九五攻关 State Key Task 95

居委会 neighborhood committee; residents' committee

局域网 local area network (LAN)

举报电话 informants' hot-line telephone

拒载 refuse to take passengers

君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green

竣工式 completion ceremony

K.

卡丁车 kart

开发一代，储存一带，预研一代 (产品） to develop this generation of products while researching on the next generation of products

开放式基金 open-ended fund

开工不足 enterprises running under their production capacity

开工典礼 commencement ceremony

开题报告 opening speech; opening report

看守政府, 看守内阁，过渡政府 caretaker cabinet

坎儿井 karez

抗美援朝战争 War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea

抗震棚 quake-proof shelter

考研 take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools

科技成果转化为生产力 transfer of scientific and technological achievements

科技含量 technology content

科技是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.

科教兴国 rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation

科研攻关 scientific research and tackle the key research project

可持续发展 sustainable development

刻录机 CD writer; disc-carving machine

空头支票 accommodation note, lip service

空中小姐 air hostess; air stewardess

控股公司 holding company

扣帽子 put a label on

跨世纪工程 a trans-century project

跨越式发展 great-leap-forward development

快讯 news flash; flash

宽带接入 broadband access

宽带网 broadband networks

宽限期 grace period

亏损企业 enterprises running in the red/under deficit

困难职工 the needy

L.

垃圾债券 junk bond

拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth

拉拉队 cheering squad

拉拉队长 cheer-leader, rooter king

拉关系 try to curry favor with

来电显示电话机 caller ID telephone

来料加工 process materials supplied by clients; accept customers' materials for processing

劳动合同制 labor contract system

老字号 an old and famous shop or enterprise

"篱笆墙" barriers/ blockage to inter-regional trading

礼仪小姐 ritual girl

利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery

利好因素 wrinkle

利基 niche

立体农业 three-dimensional agriculture

联合联络小组 joint liaison group

廉政建设 construction of a clean and honest administration

廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府 an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government

廉洁奉公，以正治国 (of an official) clean and devoted, and govern the state with his own example of uprightness

联产承包责任制 system of contracted responsibility linking remuneration to output; contract system with remuneration linked to output

联合国会费 the UN membership dues (fee)

联合兼并 conglomeration and merger of enterprises

联合投标 syndicated tender

联想集团 Legend Group

练摊 to be a vendor

良性循环 virtuous circle

粮食收购部门 (government's) grain procurement (purchasing) agencies

粮油关系：grain and oil rationing registration

两岸直航促进会 Association for Promotion of Cross-Straits Direct Transportation

两弹一艇 A-bomb, H-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine

"两个对等的政治实体" "two equal political entities

两个文明一起抓 place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress

两手抓两手都要硬 We must address ourselves to the problem of both material and spiritual civilization(both material as well as culture and ideological progress) without any letup.

"两思"（致富思源，富而思进） to think of the source of getting rich and of making progress after becoming affluence

老少边穷地区 former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas

《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio

猎头公司 head-hunting company

临时主教练 caretaker coach

领头羊 bellwether

留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary

留学咨询：consulting on the study abroad

流动人口 transient population

(行业中的)龙头老大 leading enterprise; flagship of the industry

乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises

乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges, fund-raising quotas and fines

《论语》 Analects of Confucius

论文答辩 (thesis) oral defense

裸机：bare mobile phone

绿地覆盖率 forest coverage rate

绿化 afforestation

绿色急救通道 emergency green path

绿色食品 green food

M.

马拉松式竞选活动 campaignathon

马路菜场入室工程 the project to build indoor free market to accommodate street vegetable vendors

马太效应 the Matthew effect (A phenomenon in specific circles whereby one's accomplishments and reputation tend to snowball, and those with meager accomplishments have greater difficulty achieving accomplishments. )

满意度 degree of satisfaction

盲流和倒流人员 transient from the countryside

帽子戏法 hat trick

冒充包装（销售）[指将劣质商品包装成外观像名优产品出售的做法] copycat packaging

买一送一 two-for-one offer, buy one get one free

美声唱法 bel canto

美食节 gourmet festival

门前三包 be responsible for general sanitation, green covering and keeping good social order in a designated area outside the unit building

蒙古包 (Mongolian) yurt

蒙古大夫 quack

朦胧诗 misty poetry

民办教师 citizen-managed teachers (teachers in rural citizen-managed or state-managed schools who do not receive the normal remuneration from the government)

民工潮 farmers' frenzied hunt for work in cities

民进党 Democratic Progressive Party

民主党派、工商联与无党派人士 non-Communist parties, federations of industry and commerce, personages without party affiliation

民族凝聚力 national cohesion

民族委员会 ethnic affairs commission

民族文化大省 a province with rich ethnic culture

明明白白消费（2000年保护消费者权益工作主题）transparent consumption

磨洋工 dawdle along

目标管理 management by objectives

N.

NASDAQ National Association of Securities Deal Automated Quotations

纳米 nanometer

难得糊涂 Where ignorance is bliss, it's folly to be wise.

南水北调 South-to-North water diversion

南水北调工程 divert water from the south to the north project

男权主义思想 male chauvinism

囊括 complete a sweep

耐用消费品 durable consumer items (goods)

闹情绪 be disgruntled; be in a fit of pique

内环路 inner ring road

内联企业 enterprises with internal connections

能官能民 be ready to both serve as an offical and be one of the common people

能进能出，能上能下competent to work both at the top and at the grass roots

能进能出，能上能下,方谓好汉 He who knows how to fight and how to retreat deserves to be called a brave man.

能上网的手机 WAP phone

内耗 in-fighting

泥菩萨 like a clay Buddha fording the river-hardly able to save oneself; each one is looking out for his own survival

年同比 year-on-year; on an annual basis

年夜饭 family reunion dinner

扭转局面 reverse the tide, turn the table

农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labour (labourers)

O.

P.

跑龙套 utility man, play a bit role, general handyman

泡沫经济 bubble economy

配股 allotment of shares

配套政策 supporting policies

棚户 shacks; family that live in shacks

碰钉子 get snubbed

碰头会 brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal meeting with no fixed agenda, the main purpose of which is to exchange information.)

疲软股票 soft stock

皮包公司 bogus company

啤酒肚 beer belly

票贩子 scalper, ticket tout

骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn over foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage

贫富悬殊 polarization of rich and poor

贫铀弹 depleted uranium bomb

平面设计师 graphic designer

瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions

扑网(体） rush-up, rushing

普选制 general election system

Q.

期房 forward delivery housing

企业孵化器 enterprise incubator

企业文化 corporate culture

起跑器 block

洽谈会 fair, meeting

千代田寿险公司（日本） Chiyoda Mutual Life Insurance Co.

千禧婴儿 millennium infant; millennium baby

强化班 intensive training class

抢跑 false start, beat the gun

亲民党 People First Party

勤工俭学 part-work and part-study system; work-study program

轻轨火车 light rail train

情感消费 emotional consumption

情有独钟 show special preference (favor) to …

区位商业 location-based commerce

屈体 jackknife, pike

圈外人士 people out of the loop

全方位外交 multi-faceted diplomacy

全国卫生城市 National Hygienic City

全民健身计划纲要 outline of the nationwide body-building plan

全能冠军 all-around winner

全球定位系统 global positioning system (GPS)

全球通 global system for mobile communications

全天候飞机 all-weatehr aircraft

拳头产品 competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster

裙带风 nepotism; petticoat influence

裙带关系 networking through petticoat influence

群言堂 allow everybody to air his view; let everyone have his say; speak one's mind freely

R.

燃油附加税 bunker surcharge

染指 reap undeserved profit from; encroach upon

绕圈子 beat around the bush

热岛效应 tropical island effect

人才流失brain drain

人浮

于事 overstaffing

人工智能 artificial intelligence(AI)

人海战术 huge-crowd strategy

人机交互 human-computer interaction

人际交往 human communication

人口负增长 negative population growth (NPG)

人均住房 per-capita housing

人类免疫缺陷病毒Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV)

人情债 debt of gratitude

任意球 free kick

日本协力银行 Japan Bank For International Cooperation (JBIC)

融资渠道 financing channels

入水时水花很少 clean entry

软新闻 soft news

S.

360度环幕电影 Circamara

三八红旗手 woman pace-setter

三八线 38th Parallel

三步走战略 the three-step development strategy

三大作风 the Party's three important styles of work (integrating theory with practice, forging close links with the masses and practicing self-criticism)

"三个代表" "three represents" theory (The Party should always represent the development needs of China's advanced social productive forces, always represent the onward direction of China's advanced culture, and always represent the fundamental interests of the largest member of the Chinese people.)

三个有利于 "three favorables" (whether it promotes the growth of the productive forces in a socialist society, increases the overall strenth of the socialist state and raises the people's living standards

《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms

三好学生 merit student; three good student(good in study, attitude and health)

"三讲"教育（讲学习、讲政治、讲正气） "three emphases" education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)

三角恋爱 love triangle

三角债 chain debt

三来一补企业 the enterprises that process raw materials on clients' demands, assemble parts for the clients and process according to the clients' samples; or engage in compensation trade.

三连冠 three successive championships

三民主义 the Three People's Principles (Nationalism, Democracy and the People's Livelihood) put forward by Dr. Sun Yat-sen

三通 three direct links of trade, mail, and air and shipping services across the Taiwan Straits

三通一平 "three supplies and one leveling"; supply of water, electricity and road and leveled ground (conditions ready for further economic development)

三维电影 three-dimensional movie

三 维 动 画 片 three-dimensional animation

三无企业 three-no-enterprises (It refers to enterprises with no capital, no plant, and no administrative structure.)

三下乡 a program under which officials, doctors, scientist and college students go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service to farmers

三资企业 three kinds of foreign-invested enterprises or ventures: Sino-foreign joint ventures(中外合资企业), cooperative businesses （中外合作企业） and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises in China（外商独资企业）

三字经 three-character scripture

"扫黄"、"打非" eliminate pornography and illegal publications

扫尾工作 round-off work; wind-up work

杀手锏 sudden thrust of the mace--one's trump or master card

《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers

商检局 Commodity Inspection Bureau

商品房空置的现象 the vacancy problem in commercial housing

商品条码 bar code

上山下乡 (of educated urban youth) go and work in the countryside or mountain areas

上市 to be listed

上网 to get on the Internet

上有天堂，下有苏杭 Just as there is paradise in heaven, ther are Suzhou and Hangzou on earth.

少数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从全体、全党服从中央 the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part to the whole and the entire membership of the Party to the Central Committee

社会热点问题 hot spots of society

社会治安情况 public security situation

涉外经济 foreign-related business

申办奥运会 bid for the Olympic Games

身体素质 physique; physical constitution

神州行电话卡 Shenzhou pre-paid card

审时度势 size up the situation

渗透、颠覆和分裂活动 infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities

《生死抉择》 "Live or Die"

生态农业 environmental-friendly agriculture

失恋 be disappointed in love; be jilted

失学儿童 dropout

实践是检验真理的唯一标准 Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.

食品卫生法 Food Hygiene Law of People's Republic of China

实体经济 the real economy

实现零的突破 fulfil the zero (gold medal, medal, etc) breakthrough

实现中华民伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to

实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质 promotion of family planning to control the population size and improve the health of the people

实现小康目标 to achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life

时不我待 Time and tide wait for no man.

<<史记>> Shi Ji/ Historical Records

市场疲软 sluggish market

市场准入 market access

试用期 probationary period

适度从紧的财政政策 moderately tight financial policy

适销对路的产品 readily marketable products

适者生存survival of the fittest

手机入网费 mobile access fee

首创精神 pioneering spirit

首航 maiden voyage (of an aircraft or ship)

授信额度 line of credit

受灾地区 disaster-affected are

售后服务 after-sale services

树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image

刷卡, 划卡 to punch the card; to stamp the card

甩卖 clearance sale; be on sale

涮羊肉 instant-boiled mutton

双刃剑 double-edged sword

双向选择 two-way selection, referring to employer and employee choosing each other in a job market

《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Water Margins

水货 smuggled goods

水墨画 Chinese brush drawing; ink and wash painting

硕博联读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study

司仪 MC (master of ceremonies)

思乡曲 Nostalgia

思想僵铁 fossilized concept

死机 system halted

四大金刚 Four Heavenly Guardians at the entrance to a Buddhism temple; Four Devarajas

四个如何认识 (江泽民总书记在今年6月28日中央思想政治工作会议上发表的重要讲话中，提出并精辟阐述了如何认识社会主义发展的历史进程、如何认识资本主义发展的历史进程、如何认识我国社会主义改革实践过程对人们思想的影响、如何认识当今的国际环境和国际政治斗争带来的影响等当前直接影响干部群众思想活动的重大问题.)

In his important address to the Central Ideological and Political Work Conference on June 28 this year, Party General Secretary Jiang Zemin expounds on how to understand the historical process of socialist development; how to understand the historical process of capitalist development; how to understand the impact of China's socialist reform over the people's thinking; how to understand the impact of the current international environment and political struggle.

四十不惑 Life begins at forty.

四项基本原则 the Four Cardinal Principles of adherence to the socialist road, the people's democratic dictatorship, the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought

(企业集团的）松散层 loose level (of an enterprise group)

素质教育 education for all-around development

随行就市 prices fluctuating in response to market conditions

T.

抬杠 argue for the sake of arguing; bicker

太空步 moonwalk

弹性工资 flexible pay

弹性外交 elastic diplomacy

逃票 to sneak through without a ticket

逃票者 ticket evader

套利 arbitrage

特别提款权 special drawing rights (SDR; SDRs) ; paper gold

特色电话机 feature phone

提高农产品收购价格 the government's increase in its procurement prices (for farm products)

铁饭碗 iron rice bowl

铁哥们 faithful pal；buddies；sworn friend

铁血宰相 iron-and-blood prime minister

通存通兑 the banking procedure where deposits and withdrawals are processed at any branch bank

通货紧缩 deflation (of currency)

统筹安排 comprehensive arrangement

统一市场 single market

统一税 flat tax, consolidated tax

同等学力 have the same educational level (as the regular graduate or student of certain academic qualification)

同乡会 an association of fellow provincials or townsmen

筒子楼：tube-shaped apartment

偷税漏税 tax evasion

偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax fraud, and refusal to pay taxes

头号种子选手 No.1 seed (player); top seed

投手 pitcher

透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence

土地沙化 desertification of land; desert encroachment

团身 bunch up the body

推广科研成果 turning laboratory achievements into commercial/mass production; commercialization of laboratory achievements

退耕还林还草 grain for green

脱口秀 talk show

脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity

脱手 release grip

W.

汪辜会谈 Wang Daohan-Koo Chen-fu Talks (Wang-Koo talks)

王储，王太子 Crown Prince

网吧 Internet bar

网关 gateway

网恋 online love affair

网络出版 online publishing

网络管理员 network administrator

网络经济 cybereconomy

网民 netizen; net citizen; cyber citizen

网上冲浪surf the Internet

网上交易平台 online trading platform

网友 net friend

往事如风 The past has vanished (from memory) like wind.; What in past, is past.

温饱工程 bring-warmth fill-bellies project

稳定压倒一切 Maintaining stability is of top priority

微软移动构想 Microsoft Vision for Mobility; Microsoft Mobility Initiatives

维护人权和不断改善人权状况 safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation

《围城》 A Surrounded City

伪君子hypocrite; a wolf in sheep's clothing

伪劣商品赔还法 lemon law

卫冕世界冠军 reigning world champion

文明街道 model community

文韬武略 military expertise; military strategy

问讯处 information office; inquiry desk

屋顶花园 roof garden

无氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator

无人售票 self-service ticketing

无绳来电显示电话 cordless telephone with caller ID

无为而治 govern by doing nothing that is against nature; govern by non-interference

无线应用协议 WAP（wireless application protocol）

无中生有 make/create something out of nothing

武俠小说 tales of roving knights; martial arts novel; kung fu novel

物价局 Price Bureau

物业管理 estate management, property management

西部大开发 West Development

西气东输 transport the natural gas from the West to the East

《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber

《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West

吸收游资 absorb idle fund

希望工程 Project Hope

喜忧参半 mingled hope and fear

洗钱 money laundering

下放权力给 delegating the management of ... (to ...)

下岗 laid-off workers

下海 plunge into the commercial sea

下网 off line

下游行业 downstream industry

险胜 cliff-hanging win, narrow victory, nose out

线下商贸运作 offline business operation

县改市：county upgraded to city

县级市：county-level city

现代企业制度 modern enterprise system; modern corporate system

香格里拉 Shangri-la

向钱看 mammonism, put money above all

项目立项 approve and initiate a project

项目预算 project budget

消费信贷 consumer credit services

削减战略核武器会谈 strategic arms reduction talks (START)

小康 a comfortable level of living; a better-off life; moderate prosperity

小康之家 well-off family; comfortably-off family

效益工资achievements-related wages; wages based on benefits

写真集 photo album

心理素质 psychological quality

新宠 new favourite

新官上任三把火 a new broom sweeps clean

新新人类 New Human Being；X Generation

新秀 up-and-coming star, rising star

信贷支持 credit aid

信息港 inforport; cyber port

信息化 informationize

信用紧缩 credit crunch

星期日泰晤士报 the Sunday Times

形象小姐/先生 image representative of a product or a brand

虚拟网 virtual net

选举权和被选举权 the right to vote and the right to be elected

选举人票 electoral vote

选举人制 electoral system

学而优则仕 (a Confucian slogan for education) a good scholar can become an official; he who excels in study can follow an official career

学生处 students' affairs division

学生减负 alleviate the burden on students

徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends

寻呼小姐 operators who work with paging centres

巡回招聘 milk round

Y.

压水花技术 rip entry

压线(口令) Line!

压轴戏 grand finale; last and best item on a theatrical program

亚健康 subhealthy

严打斗争Strike-Hard Operation, campaign to crack down relentlessly on criminal activities

言情小说 romantic fiction; sentimental novel

研究成果 research results

研究生毕业证/学位证 graduate diploma/graudate degree's diploma

阳春（最经济方式） no-frills

羊肉串小摊 barbecue stall

养老金 pension

养路费 road toll

摇钱树 cash cow

摇头丸 dancing outreach

药物检查 dope control, drug testing

业内人士 insider

液晶显示屏 liquid crystal display (LCD)

一次性筷子 throwaway chopsticks

一次性解决问题 solve the problem once and for all

一大二公 (concerning the people's commune) large in size and collective in nature

一刀切 cut it even at one stroke--make it rigidly uniform; impose uniformity in all cases; allow no flexibility

一国两制，One country, two systems

一级市场 primary market

一式两联 (receipt or invoice) in duplicate

一手抓物质文明，一手抓精神文明；一手抓经济建设，一手抓民主法制；一手抓改革开放，一手抓打击犯罪惩治腐败 We must always work for material progress and at the same time for cultural and ethical progress; We should develop the economy and at the same time strengthen democracy and the legal system; We should promote reform and opening to the outside world and at the same time fight crime and punish corruption.

一线员工 worker at the production line

医疗保险 medical insurance

移动电话双向收费 two-way charges for cellular phones

以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展 the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side

以经济建设为中心 focusing on the central task of economic construction

以谋略制胜 outmaneuver

以权谋私 abuse of power for personal gains

以人为本 people oriented; people foremost

以市场为导向 market-oriented

以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of equality

以质量求发展 strategy of development through quality; win the market with quality products

义和团运动 Boxer Uprising

义务兵役制 compulsory military service, conscription

义务教育 compulsory education

义演收入 proceeds from benefit performmance

薏米 seed of Job's tears

易拉罐 pop can

因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude

隐形收入 invisible income; off-payroll income; side money

隐性就业 unregistered employment

硬道理 absolute principle, top priority

营业税 turnover tax; business tax

应试教育 examination-oriented education system

优化结构 optimize structure

优化组合 optimization grouping; optional regrouping

邮递协议 Post Office Protocol (POP)

有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 There must be laws to go by, the laws must be observed and strictly enforced, and law-breakers must be prosecuted.

有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律 with lofty ideals, integrety, knowledge and a strong sense of discipline

有情人终成眷属 Jack shall have Jill, all shall be well.

有望夺金者 a gold medal hopeful

有勇无谋 use brawn rather than brain

与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market

(领导人）与民众的直接对话 town hall conference/meeting

舆论导向 direction of public opinion

舆论监督 supervision by public opinion

欲穷千里目，更上一层楼 to ascend another storey to see a thousand miles further; Ascend further, were you to look farther; Would eye embrace a thousand miles? Go up, one flight.

冤假错案 cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong cases

圆寂 Parinirvana

缘分 chemical, (as if by) predestination, be preordained to come together

远程教育 distance learning

远景计划 long-term development targets

晕菜 numbed; dumbfounded

运球 dribble

Z.

宰（客） to swindle money out of our customers

"宰人" rip off

在孵（孵化器）企业 incubated enterprises (incubator)

在职博士生 on-job doctorate

再贷款 re-lending; subloan

再就业服务中心 re-employment service center

藏学 Tibetology

糟粕 dross

早恋 puppy love

造假帐 falsified accounts

斋月 Ramadan

债转股 debt-to-equity swap

沾光 benefit from one's association

站票 standing-room-only ticket

站台票 platform ticket

战略伙伴关系 strategic partnership

涨落线 advance balance line

掌上电脑 palm computer

朝阳产业 sunrise industry

招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project

招商引资 attract/bid for/invite investments (from overseas)

招生就业指导办公室 enrolment and vocation guidance office

真空包装 vacuum packing

真善美 the true, the good and the beautiful; truth, good and beauty

正式照会 formal note

政策性住房 policy-related house, policy-based house

政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show.

政府上网工程Government Online Project

政府职能转变 transform/shift the government functions

政企不分 without a clear line between the functions of the government and enterprises; the functions of the government and enterprises mixed up

政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management

政务公开 make government affairs public

政治迫害 political prosecution; witch hunt

证券营业部 stock exchange; security exchange

知识产权 intellectual property rights

知识经济 knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy

直播 live broadcast, live telecast

致命要害 Achilles' heel

智囊团、思想库 the brain trust；think tank

掷钱猜先 toss

中国经济景气监测中心 China Economic Monitoring Center

中国新经济峰会 China New Economy Summit

《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》 Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Consumers' Rights and Interests

中流砥柱 mainstay, chief corner stone

中美战略核武器互不瞄准对方 non-targeting strategic nuclear weapons against each other

中华世纪坛 China Millennium Monument

中央大型企业工委：Central Work Committee for Large Enterprises

中央经济工作会议 the Central Economic Working Conference

中央商务区 central business district (CBD)

中专生 secondary specialized or technical school student

重点发展 prioritize

主体经济 the mainstay of the economy

主体思想（DPRK） Juche Idea

主持人 anchorperson

住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation

住房零首付 zero-yuan first payment (for apartments)

助跑 approach run, run-up

驻港部队People's Liberation Army garrison in Hong Kong

抓大放小 to invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones; focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves

抓住机遇 seize the opportunity

专卖店 exclusive agency; franchised store

专升本 upgrade from junior college student to university student; students with the diploma of junior college try to obtain the undergraduate diplomat through self-taught study

转化机制 (of State-owned enterprises) to shift to new management mechanisms

转基因食品 GM food (genetically modified food)

追平 produce the equalizer

转体 truck rotation, turn, twist

撞线 breast the tape

追赶型和跨越式发展 pursuant and leap-forward development

准博士all but dissertation (ABD)

资产保值增值 maintain and increase the value of assets; maintenance and appreciation of assets value

资产阶级自由化 bourgeois liberalization

资源配置 the distribution (allocation) of resources

《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror

自动柜员机 automatic teller machine (ATM)

自律机制 the self-discipline system

自我保护意识 self-protection awareness

自营 self-run

自由港 free-trade port，free port

自助银行 self-help bank

综合国力 comprehensive national strength

综合业务数字网 integrated service digital network (ISDN)

综合治理 comprehensive treatment

总裁助理 assistant president

(各州推选组成的）总统选举团electoral college

遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one's official duties

《中国特色词汇汉译英》由留学编辑整理